{"id":7992,"date":"2021-03-10T16:07:52","date_gmt":"2021-03-10T15:07:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.atollplongee.com\/glossary\/voies-aeriennes\/"},"modified":"2021-03-10T16:07:52","modified_gmt":"2021-03-10T15:07:52","slug":"voies-aeriennes","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/www.atollplongee.com\/en\/glossary\/voies-aeriennes\/","title":{"rendered":"Voies a\u00e9riennes<span class=\"dashicons\" data-icon=\"\" style=\"display:inline;vertical-align:baseline;\"><\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&ldquo;Les voies a&eacute;riennes sont les canaux par lesquels circule l&rsquo;air lors de la <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;M&eacute;canique ventilatoire&lt;span class=&amp;quot;dashicons &amp;quot; data-icon=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;display:inline;vertical-align:baseline;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;quot;Ensemble des mouvements respiratoires qui permettent l&rsquo;entr&eacute;e et l&rsquo;&eacute;vacuation de l&rsquo;air dans les poumons.Au cours de l&amp;#039;inspiration, la contraction des muscles provoque le soul&egrave;vement des c&ocirc;tes et l&amp;#039;abaissement du diaphragme, ce qui entra&icirc;ne une augmentation du volume de la cage thoracique ; les poumons, pourtant passifs mais solidaires de la cage thoracique gr&acirc;ce &agrave; la pl&egrave;vre (membrane recouvrant presque enti&egrave;rement le poumon), se dilatent alors.Lors de l&amp;#039;expiration, les ph&eacute;nom&egrave;nes inverses s&amp;#039;op&egrave;rent : les c&ocirc;tes s&amp;#039;abaissent, le diaphragme se soul&egrave;ve, le volume de la cage thoracique diminue, les poumons s&amp;#039;affaissent ; l&amp;#039;air est alors chass&eacute;.L&amp;#039;alternance des mouvements respiratoires, entretenue par l&amp;#039;activit&eacute; des muscles, assure en permanence le renouvellement des gaz dans les alv&eacute;oles pulmonaires.&amp;quot;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.atollplongee.com\/en\/glossary\/mecanique-ventilatoire\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'>m&eacute;canique ventilatoire<\/a> (inspiration et expiration). <\/p>\n<p>Les voies a&eacute;riennes sup&eacute;rieures sont constitu&eacute;es de :<br>\n&ndash; La bouche et le nez,<br>\n&ndash; Les fosses nasales,<br>\n&ndash; La gorge (pharynx).<\/p>\n<p>Les voies a&eacute;riennes inf&eacute;rieures sont constitu&eacute;es de :<br>\n&ndash; Le larynx,<br>\n&ndash; La trach&eacute;e,<br>\n&ndash; Les bronches souches,<\/p>\n<p>Les <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Poumons&lt;span class=&amp;quot;dashicons &amp;quot; data-icon=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;display:inline;vertical-align:baseline;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&amp;quot;Les poumons sont des organes de l&amp;#039;appareil respiratoire, intervenant dans la respiration. Le poumon droit est constitu&eacute; de 3 lobes. Le poumon gauche est constitu&eacute; de 2 lobes. Le poumon est d&eacute;limit&eacute; par la pl&egrave;vre, compos&eacute;e de deux feuillets superpos&eacute;s : le feuillet visc&eacute;ral (&agrave; l&amp;#039;int&eacute;rieur), recouvert par le feuillet pari&eacute;tal (&agrave; l&amp;#039;ext&eacute;rieur). L&amp;#039;espace entre les deux feuillets est le vide pleural. Chaque lobe se subdivise en alv&eacute;oles pulmonaires. L&amp;#039;int&eacute;rieur des alv&eacute;oles pulmonaires est recouvert d&amp;#039;une mince pellicule de liquide : le surfactant. Ce liquide permet d&amp;#039;&eacute;viter que les parois de l&amp;#039;alv&eacute;ole se collent &agrave; la suite de l&amp;#039;expiration. Le poumon est une cavit&eacute; d&amp;#039;air du corps humain.A ce titre, il peut &ecirc;tre l&amp;#039;objet d&amp;#039;un barotraumatisme : la surpression pulmonaire. Le poumon peut &eacute;galement &ecirc;tre l&amp;#039;objet d&amp;#039;un &oelig;d&egrave;me : l&amp;#039;&oelig;d&egrave;me pulmonaire d&amp;#039;immersion.&amp;quot;&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.atollplongee.com\/en\/glossary\/poumons\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'>poumons<\/a> :<br>\n&ndash; Les bronches,<br>\n&ndash; Les bronchioles,<br>\n&ndash; Les <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Alv&eacute;oles pulmonaires&lt;span class=&amp;quot;dashicons &amp;quot; data-icon=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;display:inline;vertical-align:baseline;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Les alv&eacute;oles sont localis&eacute;es dans les poumons et constituent sont unit&eacute; fonctionnelle ;Ils en comptent plusieurs centaines de millions. Ce sont de petites poches microscopiques, dont la membrane fine contient de l&amp;#039;air et de la vapeur d&amp;#039;eau.Elles permettent le renouvellement de l&amp;#039;air contenu dans les poumons, ainsi que les &eacute;changes gazeux en expulsant le dioxyde de carbone et en apportant de l&amp;#039;oxyg&egrave;ne dans le sang. Cet &eacute;change gazeux est favoris&eacute; par la pr&eacute;sence d&amp;#039;une substance appel&eacute;e surfactant.&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.atollplongee.com\/en\/glossary\/alveoles-pulmonaires\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'>alv&eacute;oles pulmonaires<\/a>.&rdquo;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Les voies a\u00e9riennes sont les canaux par lesquels circule l&#8217;air lors de la m\u00e9canique ventilatoire (inspiration et expiration). Les voies a\u00e9riennes sup\u00e9rieures sont constitu\u00e9es de : &#8211; La bouche et le nez, &#8211; Les fosses nasales, &#8211; La gorge (pharynx). Les voies a\u00e9riennes inf\u00e9rieures sont constitu\u00e9es de : &#8211; Le larynx, &#8211; La trach\u00e9e, &#8211; [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":[],"glossary-categories":[],"glossary-tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Voies a\u00e9riennes - Atoll Plong\u00e9e Marseille<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.atollplongee.com\/en\/glossary\/voies-aeriennes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Voies a\u00e9riennes - Atoll Plong\u00e9e Marseille\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&#8220;Les voies a\u00e9riennes sont les canaux par lesquels circule l&#8217;air lors de la m\u00e9canique ventilatoire (inspiration et expiration). 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